David Willcocks 大卫·威尔科克斯
- 风格
- #合唱团 #声乐 #教堂音乐 #独奏 #西方古典
- 地区
- United Kingdom 英国
艺人介绍
英国合唱指挥威尔科克斯爵士1919年出生于康沃尔郡的纽基。1929年至1934年，他是威斯敏斯特大教堂的唱诗班歌手。1934年至1938年，他在布里斯托尔克利夫顿学院学习音乐，随后又成为剑桥国王学院的管风琴学者。
随着二战爆发，威尔科克斯中止了音乐学习参军。威尔科克斯所营在1944年的一次行动中损失惨重，指挥官也牺牲。威尔科克斯在团总部接替指挥官工作，重新组织士兵赴前线战斗。他的表现使他获得了军功十字勋章。1945年，他回到剑桥继续学业，并于1947年选举成为国王学院荣誉成员，被指定为剑桥爱乐学会指挥。同年，威尔科克斯成为索尔兹伯里大教堂的管风琴师和索尔兹伯里音乐节指挥。1950年，他又转移到伍斯特大教堂，直到1957年。在此期间，他还是伯明翰市合唱团指挥，并三次担任赫里福德、格洛斯特和伍斯特三郡合唱音乐节首席指挥。1956年至1974年，他还是布雷德福节日合唱协会指挥。
而威尔科克斯最为知名的，是他在1957年至1974年间，接替奥德，担任剑桥国王学院合唱团音乐总监。此外，他还是剑桥大学管风琴师、剑桥大学音乐协会指挥和剑桥大学教师。在此期间，威尔科克斯指挥国王学院合唱团同伦敦交响管弦乐队、圣马丁室内乐队和新爱乐乐队等英国知名乐队合作录音。威尔科克斯还指挥剑桥大学音乐协会在意大利、日本、中国香港、葡萄牙、荷兰表演了布里顿的《战争安魂曲》。1960年至1998年，威尔科克斯还是伦敦巴赫合唱团的音乐总监。威尔科克斯在剑桥大学工作，直到1974年，他接受了伦敦皇家音乐学院音乐总监的职位。莱杰接替威尔科克斯成为国王学院新任音乐总监。
1971年，威尔科克斯获得了大英帝国勋章，并于1977年被封为爵士。威尔科克斯获得了英国、美国、加拿大多所大学的荣誉学位，并且是国王学院合唱团现任的荣誉音乐总监。
(by chorleiter@sina)
Sir David Valentine Willcocks CBE, MC (born 30 December 1919) is a British choral conductor, organist, and composer. His son, Jonathan Willcocks, is also a composer.
Born in Newquay in Cornwall, he began his musical training as a chorister at Westminster Abbey from 1929 to 1934. From 1934 to 1938, he was a music scholar at Clifton College, Bristol, before his appointment as organ scholar at King's College, Cambridge.
With the outbreak of the Second World War, he interrupted his studies in music to serve in the British Army. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry on 15 February 1941, and won the Military Cross as a temporary captain for his actions on the night of 10/11 July 1944, when he was serving with 5th Battalion DCLI as battalion intelligence officer. The battalion (part of 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division) was ordered to hold Hill 112 in Normandy, France. He carried out his duties outstandingly overnight, helping inflict severe casualties on the German forces by calling in artillery support to break up counter-attacks. The battalion suffered over 250 casualties during the night, including the commanding officer and one of the company commanders. This left Willcocks in command of the battalion headquarters, which by then was the furthest forward part of the battalion. He rallied the men, enabling the battalion to stand firm and reorganise. The award was gazetted on 21 December 1944. He was again involved some 10 weeks later in Operation Market Garden, when the 5th Battalion DCLI (still operating as part of 43rd (Wessex) Division) fought in support of the &Garden& armoured column sent to relieve the beleaguered &Market& 1st British Airborne Division across the Rhine at Oosterbeek, Holland. Memorably the DCLI tried to launch 3 amphibious DUKW vehicles, but failed as the DUKW's got stuck in the mud!
He returned to Cambridge in 1945 to complete his studies, and in 1947 was elected a Fellow of King's College and appointed Conductor of the Cambridge Philharmonic Society. In the same year, he became the organist at Salisbury Cathedral and the conductor of the Salisbury Musical Society. He moved to Worcester Cathedral in 1950 and remained until 1957, during which time he was organist of the Cathedral, principal conductor of the Three Choirs Festival in 1951, 1954, and 1957, and conductor of the City of Birmingham Choir. From 1956 to 1974 he was also conductor of the Bradford Festival Choral Society, whilst continuing as guest conductor for their carol concerts into the early 1990s.
From 1957 to 1974 he held the post for which he is probably best known, Director of Music at King's College, Cambridge. In addition, he served as the organist of Cambridge University, conductor of the Cambridge University Musical Society, and as University Lecturer. He made numerous recordings with the college choir; the choir toured extensively, giving concerts worldwide, as well as garnering further acclaim internationally through television and radio appearances. Under the baton of Willcocks, CUMS performed Benjamin Britten's War Requiem in 1963 in (Perugia) Milan, La Scala, and in Venice. The choir subsequently performed the work in Japan, Hong Kong, Portugal, and the Netherlands. In 1960, he also became the musical director of The Bach Choir in London.
He held these positions at Cambridge until the 1970s when he accepted the post of director of the Royal College of Music. In the 1971 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE), and was created a Knight Bachelor in 1977 in the Queen's Silver Jubilee Honours. He holds honorary degrees in England from the Universities of Bradford, Bristol, Exeter, Leicester, and Sussex, and from the Royal College of Music in London; in the USA from Luther College (Iowa), St. Olaf College (Minnesota), Rowan University and Westminster Choir College (New Jersey); and in Canada from the Universities of Trinity College, Toronto, and Victoria B.C. All in all, his honorary degrees number over fifty. He is President of the City of Bath Bach Choir and Exeter Festival Chorus.
On 15 May 2010, a celebration of his contribution to music took place at the Royal Albert Hall in London, where pieces selected by Willcocks were performed by singers who are part of The Really Big Chorus. Special guests included choristers from the Kings College, Cambridge, who performed three pieces. A portrait of Sir David was auctioned off in aid of The British Heart Foundation.
Recordings and broadcasts
He has made recordings with the Bach Choir, the English Chamber Orchestra, the Academy of St Martin in the Fields, the Jacques Orchestra, the Philharmonia Orchestra, the London Symphony Orchestra as well as with the Choir of King's College, Cambridge. He also served as general editor of the Church Music series of the Oxford University Press. He is particularly known for his widely used choral arrangements of Christmas carols, most of which were originally written for the Service of Nine Lessons and Carols at King's or the Bach Choir's Christmas concerts. They are published in the five Carols for Choirs anthologies (1961–1987), edited by Willcocks with Reginald Jacques and John Rutter. He is currently Music Director Emeritus of King's College Choir, and an Honorary Fellow of King's College, Cambridge.
A notable broadcast took place on BBC Radio 4 on 21 September 2010 in a series called Soul Music, when Willcocks profiled Fauré's Requiem. The programme included his memories of the fighting at Hill 112. The profile also featured Christina, widow of Olaf Schmid. Willcocks questioned the morality of war.
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