Franz Doppler 多普勒·阿尔伯特·弗朗兹
- 风格
- #室内乐 #重奏 #管弦乐 #独奏 #西方古典
- 地区
- Hungary 匈牙利
艺人介绍
多普勒·阿尔伯特·弗朗兹 （ Doppler Albert Franz，1821－1883），匈牙利长笛演奏家、作曲家。少年时代即学习长笛，十三岁首次登台演出。1838年在布达佩斯管弦乐团任首席长笛。后一度担任维也纳音乐学院长笛系的名誉教授。他为自己的演奏而写作了一批杰出的长笛协奏曲与独奏曲，对于长笛音乐的发展作出了伟大的贡献。
他还曾把李斯特的《匈牙利狂想曲》改编成管弦乐，因而闻名乐坛。其代表作品为长笛协奏曲《匈牙利田园幻想曲》。该曲具有田园诗班的色彩和匈牙利吉卜赛音乐的特点。全曲分为三大部分，前两部分采用匈牙利民间恰尔达什舞曲的风格写成，最有一部分快板段落，充分发挥了长笛的演奏技巧。各种令人目眩的长笛吹奏技巧，使乐曲的欢快情绪步步高涨，达到高潮后又突兀地暂停，然后用中庸速度起奏，在华美的气氛中结束。
Albert Franz Doppler (October 16, 1821 – July 27, 1883), was a flute virtuoso and a composer best known for his flute music. He also wrote one German and several Hungarian operas for Budapest, all produced with great success. His ballet music was popular during his lifetime.
Doppler was born in Poland in Lemberg (Austrian Empire), now Lviv, Ukraine. From 1828 to 1831, he received flute lessons from his father, Joseph Doppler, who was an oboist, and made his debut as a flutist at the age of 13. He formed a flute duo with his brother Karl, four years younger, who mainly wrote songs and incidental music, and as a duo they caused quite a sensation throughout Europe. They toured and both became members of the orchestra of the German Theater, Budapest, in 1838 and both moved to the Hungarian National Theater in 1841. There, five of Franz's operas were staged with success. Franz and Karl continued to make regular tours of Europe and helped found the Hungarian Philharmonic Orchestra in 1853. At the age of 18 Franz was the first flutist at the opera in Budapest, and he went on to be the first flutist and stand-in conductor, and eventually chief conductor, of the Vienna Court Opera, as well as acquiring a position of Professor of Flute at the Vienna Conservatoire from 1864 until 1867. He died in Baden bei Wien, Austria.
Doppler composed chiefly for the flute, as well as opera (a style that is prominent even in his showpieces for flute), composing many pieces including concertos, showpieces, and many flute duets, to be played by him and his brother Karl. His music contains aspects of Russian and Hungarian music. His operas included Judith (his only German opera), and a Russian work entitled Benyovsky. He wrote seven operas and fifteen ballets in total (which were quite popular in their time) and was a brilliant orchestrator.
He is also known for the orchestral arrangements of six of Franz Liszt's Hungarian Rhapsodies published under his name. He was a student of Liszt, and Liszt set Doppler the exercise of orchestrating six Rhapsodies. Every single bar of these orchestrations was revised by Liszt upon publication, but he graciously allowed Doppler's name to remain on the title page. (Liszt frequently bestowed such help to his students, which gave rise to the notion that he didn't or couldn't orchestrate his own works).
Doppler's transcriptions of some of the rhapsodies for flute are also quite well known.
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