Carole King

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风格: #根源唱作人　#成人时代　#轻摇滚
地区: United States of America 美国

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Carole King 里程碑式的专辑《挂毯》(Tapestry)使她成为了超级明星，并使她成为了70年代早期最有天赋和最成功的歌手/词曲作者之一。卡罗尔.金1942年2月9日生于纽约布鲁克林原名为卡罗尔.布林。在大学期间，她曾与Paul Simon一起写过歌，后在Don Kirshner办事处成为职业作曲家。她与Gerry Goffin(后成为她的丈夫)合作，在1959-1967年间创作了许多热门歌曲，他俩的作品成为许多著名乐队的拿手曲目，其中包括Bobby Vee、Drifter、Little Eve、Dusty Springfield和The Byrd乐队。《雨下到九月》It Might As Well Rain Until September，成为世界热门歌曲。在此之前，她曾为ABC-Paramout、RCA和Alpine公司录制过不少作品，但都不尽人意。

1967年西海岸音乐浪潮使许多60年代早期的词曲作者手足无措，当其他词曲作者纷纷从人们的视野中消失时，Goffin和King开始为Monkees乐队写歌如《星期天愉快的山谷》Pleasant Valley Sunday。

他俩试图组建一个独立唱片公司，但未能成功。1967年Carole King所写的《一个本色女人》A Natural Woman由阿蕾沙. 富兰克林录制成唱片，标志着她歌曲创作的新方向。与早期青少年爱情歌曲相比，它体现了一种新的见解与成熟感。这种情形早在《回归》Going Back一曲中就初现端倪，歌词中反映出痛苦的个人情感：“看着窗外的晨雨，有时我感到异常空虚”——当King在她的个人专辑《挂毯》中唱这首歌时，这种概念就更加深刻了。

60年代末，King加入了The City乐队，包括吉他手Danny Kortchmar、贝斯手Charlie Larkey(她的第二任丈夫)和鼓手Jin Gordon。1970年，Ode公司发行了King的个人专辑《作者》Writer，该专辑中，King的演唱和和弦丰富的钢琴控制了整个乐队的音响效果，成为《挂毯》的前奏。1971年的《挂毯》使King的事业达到了顶峰，这张专辑在排行榜上停留了6年之久，在全世界的销量超过1000万张，获得了巨大成功。其中包括《你得到一个朋友》You've Got a Friend、《如此遥远》So Far Away、《我感到地球在转动》I Feel the Earth Move和《太晚了》It's Too Late等4首冠军歌曲和一首低调作品《明天你还爱我吗》Will You Love Me Tomorrow。该专辑使她与James Taylor平起平坐，成为最有成就的歌手/词曲作者。她那一年赢得了4项格莱美奖。

当1971年的《音乐》Music和1972年的《音韵的理由》Rhymes and Reasons专辑发行后，舆论最初对《挂毯》的热情渐渐消失了，这些作品在新模式中又显得重复了。随着1973年《幻想》Fantasy的发行，King试图在作品中提示更多的社会现象，当然也包括爱情和友谊的主题。《挂毯》专辑的意义在于表现青少年主题的摇滚歌词同样也能感染成年人。

此后，King又发行了《简单的事》Simple Thing、《欢迎回家》Welcome Home、《触摸天空》Touch the Sky等，整个70年代，她共推出了近10张专辑，其中多数成为金唱片或白金唱片，成为70年代最有成就的女歌手。80年代早期，她继续着她的成功事业，发行了成功的专辑《珍珠》Pearls、《一对一》One to One。此后她减少了各种活动，进入90年代，在一些热门电影歌曲如《但愿我知道》I Wish I Knew和《现在和永远》Now and Forever中仍能看出她才华的闪现。

While the landmark album Tapestry earned her superstar status, singer/songwriter Carole King had already firmly established herself as one of pop music's most gifted and successful composers, with work recorded by everyone from the Beatles to Aretha Franklin. Born Carole Klein on February 9, 1942, in Brooklyn, New York, she began playing piano at the age of four, and formed her first band, the vocal quartet the Co-Sines, while in high school. A devotee of the composing team of Jerry Lieber and Mike Stoller (the duo behind numerous hits for Elvis Presley, the Coasters, and Ben E. King), she became a fixture at influential DJ Alan Freed's local Rock 'n' Roll shows; while attending Queens College, she fell in with budding songwriters Paul Simon and Neil Sedaka as well as Gerry Goffin, with whom she forged a writing partnership.

In 1959, Sedaka scored a hit with "Oh! Carol," written in her honor; King cut an answer record, "Oh! Neil," but it stiffed. She and Goffin, who eventually married, began writing under publishers Don Kirshner and Al Nevins in the famed pop songwriting house the Brill Building, where they worked alongside the likes of Doc Pomus, Mort Shuman, Jeff Barry, Ellie Greenwich, and countless others. In 1961, Goffin and King scored their first hit with the Shirelles' chart-topping "Will You Love Me Tomorrow"; their next effort, Bobby Vee's "Take Good Care of My Baby," also hit number one, as did "The Locomotion," recorded by their baby-sitter, Little Eva. Together, the couple wrote over 100 chart hits in a vast range of styles, including the Chiffons' "One Fine Day," the Monkees' "Pleasant Valley Sunday," the Drifters' "Up on the Roof," the Cookies' "Chains" (later covered by the Beatles), Aretha Franklin's "(You Make Me Feel) Like a Natural Woman," and the Crystals' controversial "He Hit Me (And It Felt Like a Kiss)."

King also continued her attempts to mount a solo career, but scored only one hit, 1962's "It Might as Well Rain Until September." In the mid-'60s she, Goffin, and columnist Al Aronowitz founded their own short-lived label, Tomorrow Records; Charles Larkey, the bassist for the Tomorrow group the Myddle Class, eventually became King's second husband after her marriage to Goffin dissolved. She and Larkey later moved to the West Coast, where in 1968 they founded the City, a trio rounded out by New York musician Danny Kortchmar. The City recorded one LP, Now That Everything's Been Said, but did not tour due to King's stage fright; as a result, the album was a commercial failure, although it did feature songs later popularized by the Byrds ("Wasn't Born to Follow"), Blood, Sweat & Tears ("Hi-De-Ho"), and James Taylor ("You've Got a Friend").

Taylor and King ultimately became close friends, and he encouraged her to pursue a solo career. 1970's Writer proved a false start, but in 1971, she released Tapestry, which stayed on the charts for over six years and was the best-selling album of the era. A quiet, reflective work which proved seminal in the development of the singer/songwriter genre, Tapestry also scored a pair of hit singles, "So Far Away" and the chart-topping "It's Too Late," whose flip side, "I Feel the Earth Move," garnered major airplay as well. 1971's Music also hit number one, and generated the hit "Sweet Seasons"; 1972's Rhymes & Reasons reached number two on the charts, and 1974's Wrap Around Joy, which featured the hit "Jazzman," hit the number one spot.

In 1975, King and Goffin reunited to write Thoroughbred, which also featured contributions from James Taylor, David Crosby, and Graham Nash. After 1977's Simple Things, she mounted a tour with the backing group Navarro and married her frequent songwriting partner Rick Evers, who died a year later after a heroin overdose. 1980's Pearls, a collection of performances of songs written during her partnership with Goffin, was her last significant hit, and King soon moved to a tiny mountain village in Idaho, where she became active in the environmental movement. After 1983's Speeding Time, she took a six-year hiatus from recording before releasing City Streets, which featured guest Eric Clapton. In 2001, she returned with Love Makes the World, a self-released disc on her own Rockingale label. Four years passed before her next record, The Living Room Tour, a double disc set documenting her intimate 2004-05 tour that found her revisting songs from throughout her career with only her piano and acoustic guitars as accompaniment.

Carole King

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